During a Roman siege using *Vinea* shelters near city walls, which outcome increases with continued use of the torsion-powered catapult?

💡 Explanation

Repeated impacts cause material fatigue because the cyclic loading exceeds the material's endurance limit under repeated torsional strain. Therefore, the *Vinea* risks shell collapse, rather than ballistic benefits or sound absorption, because metal yields eventually.

• Which risk increased following the Chinese development of cast iron cannon around the 14th century?
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