During a video conference with international participants, which outcome most likely explains misinterpretations of co-speech gestures that point to locations on a shared digital map?

💡 Explanation

Indexicality in gestures relies on a shared understanding of the pointing gesture and the spatial frame of reference. Because participants from different cultures or locations may have varying interpretations of spatial relationships on the map, therefore misinterpretations occur, rather than issues with timing (beat), recognizability (iconic), or subtle variation (emblems).

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