During the Song dynasty, which consequence arose when iron-smelting furnaces exceeded design thresholds?

💡 Explanation

Exceeding furnace temperature limits reduced refractory brick integrity due to thermal stress weakening the furnace's structure, which is a 'wall collapse' because the load exceeds remaining material yield strength; therefore the wall blows out, rather than the ore reacting poorly.

• Which outcome results when improperly heat-treating crucible steel during the 18th century?
• Which optical outcome occurred when medieval Islamic scholars polished lenses with progressively finer abrasives?
• Which outcome resulted from the construction of the Suez Canal across the Isthmus of Suez?
• Which consequence resulted from early iron gunpowder artillery cannons experiencing thermal cycling?
• Which limitation hindered consistent Byzantine enamel mosaic production?
• Which risk increases for intricate pietra dura inlays when subjected to repeated, intense thermal cycling within Mughal-era buildings?