If a demyelinating disease impairs oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system, which consequence follows for signal transmission?

💡 Explanation

Demyelination reduces the effectiveness of saltatory conduction, slowing the transmission of action potentials, because myelin sheaths insulate axons, enabling rapid propagation. Therefore, signal transmission slows down, rather than increasing in amplitude or affecting neurotransmitter activity.

• An elderly patient with atherosclerosis experiences increased platelet aggregation. Which mechanism primarily explains why this heightened aggregation occurs in damaged blood vessels?
• Which risk increases as a construction worker’s cumulative exposure to high-frequency noise rises, especially without adequate ear protection?
• Which mechanism explains why sleep deprivation impairs the consolidation of newly learned motor skills, like playing a musical instrument?
• Why does a patient with longstanding type 2 diabetes often require increasing insulin dosages to manage blood glucose levels, despite initially responding to lower doses?
• An individual with chronic dehydration exhibits increased calcium oxalate crystal formation in the kidneys. Which risk increases as the urine's saturation level rises?
• Following an emergency transfusion with mismatched ABO blood type, which physiological effect dominates in a patient exhibiting acute hemolytic transfusion reaction due to antibody-antigen incompatibility?