If an experimental vaccine, using a novel TLR4 agonist adjuvant, fails to produce lasting protection, which mechanism is most likely responsible?

💡 Explanation

TLR4 agonists enhance antigen presentation and co-stimulation to B cells, which directly drives affinity maturation. Insufficient affinity maturation of B cells would cause a weaker, shorter-lived antibody response, because the B cells wouldn't have been optimized by somatic hypermutation; therefore, the vaccine would fail to provide lasting protection, rather than other inflammatory issues.

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