If speakers of a language without relative spatial terms (e.g., 'left' and 'right' are always absolute) must instruct a robot to navigate an obstacle course, which consequence follows?

💡 Explanation

Navigation will depend on intrinsic reference frames because spatial language shapes spatial cognition through language relativity. Therefore, the robot relies on object-centered coordinates, rather than viewpoint-dependent instructions; fluid intelligence influences problem-solving ability generally, rather than directly impacting navigation.

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