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In fuel cell membranes, which process dominates proton transport?

A)Grotthuss mechanism along connected hydrogen bonds
B)Electron tunneling through the polymer matrix
C)Diffusion via concentration gradient alone
D)Convection induced by thermal gradients

💡 Explanation

Proton transport relies on the Grotthuss mechanism, where protons hop between water molecules and protonated sites because the hydrogen bond network allows a rapid charge redistribution. Therefore, the Grotthuss mechanism is the dominant pathway, rather than processes diffusion controlled by a concentration gradient.

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