In wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) systems, which consequence results when four optical channels are too closely spaced in the amplified span?

💡 Explanation

Four-wave mixing (FWM) non-linearity increases because, when closely spaced optical signals propagate, interactions between power spectral components create new frequencies. Therefore, undesirable optical signals emerge, rather than consistent channel isolation, due to the fiber's non-linear nature.

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