When a volcanic eruption deposits a thick tephra layer on unstable slopes, which mass wasting mechanism amplifies debris flow hazards?

💡 Explanation

Increased pore water pressure increases the risk of debris flow volume. The tephra prevents water from draining properly, which increases pore water pressure, reducing soil shear strength, because this triggers increased debris mobility, therefore amplifies debris flow hazards, rather than altering soil chemistry or animal activity.

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