Which catastrophic outcome occurs when a lava dome's instability nears collapse on a steep slope?

💡 Explanation

Pyroclastic flow initiation results because gravitational forces overcome friction on the unstable dome; viscous magma experiences gravitational collapse, therefore producing a rapidly propagating density current rather than a slow lava flow, or water flow (lahar).

• Which risk increases when water table drawdown lowers buoyant support in subterranean karst regions overlying urban infrastructure?
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• Which outcome is linked to decreased temperature differences, affecting circulation cells?
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