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Which condition most greatly reduces the lifespan of the porous Travertine stone of the Colosseum?

A)Excessive acid dissolution
B)Erosion by high wind
C)Oxidation from iron content
D)Freeze-thaw cracking cycles

💡 Explanation

Frequent freeze-thaw cycles within moist conditions degrade Travertine because cyclical water-ice phase change causes stress concentration. Therefore, cracking occurs throughout rather than gradual chemical dissolution; chemical reactions are slower near freezing.

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