Which consequence occurs when operating a real heat engine undergoing non-ideal, irreversible, Carnot-like, cycles?

💡 Explanation

Real engines generate more entropy than a Carnot cycle because of non-ideal processes causing increased disorder, therefore, cycle efficiency declines rather than remaining optimal, and isothermal stages still necessitate external energy introduction to proceed.

• Which cavitation risk increases when hydraulic fluid viscosity drops?
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• Which outcome occurs when excessively vibrating a gas sample excites rotational molecular modes?
• Which degradation results as a consequence of thin-film interference within multi-layer optical coatings?
• Which limitation arises when pump flow rates exceed design specifications?
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