Which consequence results when extensive loess deposits consolidate?

💡 Explanation

Seismic loading on saturated loess causes liquefaction because rapid compaction occurs during ground shaking. This reduces the effective stress, therefore strength decreases drastically, rather than increasing land stability or affecting surface hydrology.

• Which outcome arises when weakened trade winds reduce upwelling off South America during an El Niño event?
• Under increased evapotranspiration stress following agricultural conversion on semi-arid grasslands, which outcome is worsened by deflation?
• A massive sediment deposition causes reduced channel capacity in an alluvial river system. Which consequence results when threshold shear stress is unmet?
• Which topographical outcome arises when intense deflation lowers desert surfaces?
• Which outcome arises from increased sediment deposition near groynes?
• Which changes due to increased stratification limit upwelling?