Which defect results when uneven cooling occurs during closed-die forging of a metal component?

💡 Explanation

Uneven cooling causes residual stress concentration because differing temperatures invoke varied contraction rates. This **thermal gradient mechanism** introduces internal stresses at the microstructural level; therefore components warp, rather than maintain intended dimensions, owing to balanced stress profiles.

• Which outcome results when a faulty autotransformer lacks appropriately rated circuit breakers?
• Which issue arises when rapid, successive short circuit faults occur near a power transformer, overwhelming protection breakers?
• Which consequence results when sensor calibration drifts in aerospace fly-by-wire systems?
• Which risk increases when using a proportional valve-controlled hydraulic actuator at very high frequencies?
• Which outcome occurs when a differential relay misinterprets magnetizing inrush current in a power transformer?
• Which effect occurs when an anti-stall control system malfunctions in an aircraft gas turbine engine?