Which destructive outcome accelerates when Ming Dynasty cast iron cannons exceeded thermal limitations?

💡 Explanation

Bore bulging induces progressive failure because gas pressure overcomes the hoop strength, thus causing deformation via creep. This outcome occurs rather than direct explosion in correctly manufactured cannons containing acceptable alloy compositions at normal operational temperatures, therefore bulging dominates.

• Which risk increased for early gunpowder artillery during extended sieges?
• Which risk increases when terraced maize agriculture degrades, exposing soil?
• Which risk increases when a 18th-century navigator sights the sun using a sextant with a warped index mirror?
• Which outcome increases in 18th-century wooden ship construction when encountering Teredo worms?
• Which problem delayed the widespread adoption of cast iron crossbow triggers in ancient China?
• Which mathematical advance, developed by Al-Khwarizmi when solving inheritance problems, provided a foundation to subsequent symbolic manipulation?