Which effect dominates when hydrogen gas permeates through a palladium membrane?

💡 Explanation

When hydrogen contacts palladium, dissociative adsorption occurs because the hydrogen molecule splits into individual atoms bonding to the palladium surface, which lowers the activation energy for diffusion through the metal. Therefore adsorption enables permeation, rather than superficial diffusion (bulk effect), a pressure gradient (system driver only) or crystal defects, which offer only secondary benefits.

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