Which effect occurs in ship's hull experiencing increased hogging during the age of sail?

💡 Explanation

When a ship experiences hogging, the center of the ship rises relative to the ends because wave action exceeds buoyant force amidships, inducing longitudinal bending moment; this causes keel compression. Therefore compressive keel stress occurs, rather than buckling, rudder failure or caulking issues which relate to different localized stresses and failure mechanisms.

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