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← GeographyWhich feedback effect strongly modulates Hadley cell intensity during El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)?
A)Walker circulation changes sea surface temperatures
B)Latent heat release alters upper tropospheric stability✓
C)Oceanic upwelling impacts nutrient distribution
D)Cloud radiative forcing affects surface insolation
💡 Explanation
During El Niño, altered Walker circulation shifts deep atmospheric convection. The increased latent heat release in the central Pacific reduces the upper tropospheric lapse rate, stabilizing the atmosphere because warmer, lighter air rises, thus weakening the Hadley cell. Therefore, stabilizing due to latent heat is correct, rather than other factors which don't exert as significant a primary forcing effect.
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