Which mechanical risk increases in a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine operating with excessively retarded injection timing?

💡 Explanation

When injection timing is excessively retarded, combustion duration increases because fuel continues burning as the piston descends, raising localized temperatures on the piston crown. Therefore, piston crown overheating and cracking increases, rather than catalytic converter runaway, injector-coking, or crankshaft wear, as these involve different triggering mechanisms.

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