Which mechanism causes increased NOx formation when a gasoline engine operates lean with high compression ratio?

💡 Explanation

When an engine runs lean with a high compression ratio, the adiabatic compression causes elevated peak combustion temperatures because the fuel-air mixture becomes highly compressed and reactive, favoring the endothermic formation of NOx according to Arrhenius equation. Therefore elevated temperature is the primary factor, rather than quenching, residence time, or activation energy which are secondary or opposing effects.

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