Which mechanism explains signal degradation in fiber optic cables exceeding critical bend radius?

💡 Explanation

When a fiber is bent beyond its critical radius, mode orthogonality breakdown occurs because the propagating wave's angle of incidence exceeds the critical angle, violating the total internal reflection condition causing energy leakage. Breakdown in orthogonality leads to radiation, rather than increased scattering, absorption or dispersion, which are separate physical phenomena.

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