Which mechanism initiates thermohaline circulation when surface seawater freezes near polar regions?

💡 Explanation

When seawater freezes, salt exclusion occurs because ice lattice structures reject salt ions, enriching the remaining water's salinity and hence density, causing it to sink and drive thermohaline circulation. Therefore, density increase & sinking results, rather than level change, albedo change, or latent heating, requiring different processes.

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