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Which mechanism limits signal propagation in high-speed digital circuits at increased frequencies?

A)Skin effect increasing conductor resistance
B)Electromagnetic interference inducing noise
C)Capacitive coupling creating signal delay
D)Thermal expansion deforming components

💡 Explanation

When frequency increases, the skin effect causes current to flow on the conductor's surface due to self-inductance increases, raising the effective resistance and attenuating the signal’s propagation. Therefore skin effect limits propagation, rather than interference, coupling, or expansion, which depend on geometric layout or specific material properties.

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