Which mechanism primarily concentrates rare earth elements during carbonatite magma volcanism?

💡 Explanation

When carbonatite magma ascends, crystal fractionation occurs because changes in temperature and pressure cause certain minerals that preferentially incorporate rare earth elements to crystallize, separating them from the remaining melt and concentrating them. Therefore, crystal fractionation results in REE concentration, rather than hydrothermal interactions, sedimentary or atmospheric deposition, that don't selectively enrich these elements.

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