Which outcome affects fracture toughness during alumina toughened zirconia (ATZ) sintering?

💡 Explanation

Lattice strain increases and hinders crack propagation because a difference in cation/anion volume impacts the ionic solid's stress field, leading to increased toughness due to induced compressive stress around zirconia particles. Therefore, fracture toughness increases because of mismatch rather than dislocation tangling or vacancy effects.

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