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← ScienceWhich outcome arises when an electromagnetic wave enters a region where the permittivity increases sharply?
A)Wave reflection at material boundary✓
B)Uniform wave velocity increase
C)Refraction angle becomes increasingly acute
D)Maintaining constant Poynting vector
💡 Explanation
When the permittivity changes abruptly, impedance mismatch induces Fresnel reflection because a substantial fraction of wave energy reflects according to the Fresnel equations. Therefore, significant reflection occurs rather than complete transmission or refraction without reflection because of impedance discontinuities.
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