Which outcome arises where a low-gradient river encounters localized bank erosion during flood conditions?

💡 Explanation

An oxbow lake forms via channel avulsion; increased bank erosion creates a straighter, lower-resistance path which the river takes because lateral migration creates a loop cut off via sediment deposition, therefore forming an oxbow lake, rather than downcutting.

• Which risk increases because of reduced flow velocity in an oxbow lake compared to the main river channel?
• Which soil profile change accelerates when increased acidity enhances subsurface leaching?
• Which consequence results when glacier calving exacerbates cirque erosion?
• Which continental effect drives increased aridity downwind of mountain ranges?
• Which horizon generation occurs because extensive leaching concentrates recalcitrant minerals during pedogenesis?
• Which mechanism causes explosive eruptions when a subducting oceanic plate is partially melted?