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← ScienceWhich outcome begins when Reynolds number exceeds 4000?
A)Transitional flow becomes fully turbulent✓
B)Viscous forces dominate inertial forces
C)Laminar flow always remains consistent
D)The pipe friction factor decreases exponentially
💡 Explanation
Turbulent flow initiates due to *inertial instability*. With transitional flow approaching the turbulent threshold, inertia overwhelms viscous damping because the Reynolds number exceeds its limit; therefore, turbulent flow occurs rather than laminar or stable transitional stages in the fluid.
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