Which outcome increases when a desert dune field’s vegetation cover falls?

💡 Explanation

Amplified saltation happens because removal of vegetation increases wind speed at the surface, accelerating impact and sand creep. This raises the sand flux by saltation exponentially rather than reducing bedrock abrasion, which involves different grain sizes. The other options are independent.

• Which mechanism disrupts marine ecosystem nutrient cycling given increased Arctic glacial meltwater inflow?
• Which mechanism creates fringing reef 'haloes' in tropical islands?
• Which process accelerates cave system collapse after water table decline?
• Which consequence results when intense rainfall occurs on soil with limited bioturbation?
• Which outcome results when reduced sediment transport causes longshore drift along a barrier island system?
• Which risk increases in regions crossed by transform faults during periods of increased pore water pressure?