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Which outcome occurred when Mesopotamian bronze casting kilns exceeded critical internal temperatures?

A)Increased porosity because of gas trapping
B)Reduced hardness owing to rapid cooling
C)Higher ductility due to grain boundary slip
D)Lower strength from uniform alloy solidification

💡 Explanation

When early Mesopotamian kilns exceeded operational temperatures, excessive oxidation reduces the ability of dissolved gases to release from the molten alloy increasing porosity in the cast part. Therefore porosity increases, rather than increased ductility, hardness, or strength which are achieved through specific controlled compositions and cooling rates.

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