Which outcome occurs when a heat exchanger experiences mineral scale buildup on water-cooled surfaces?

💡 Explanation

When mineral scale accumulates, thermal resistance increases because mineral deposits impede conductive heat transfer across the heat exchanger surfaces, diminishing overall efficiency. Therefore, reduced heat transfer is the primary outcome, rather than subcooling, increased pressure, or decreased cavitation, which depend on other factors.

• For a prestressed concrete bridge, which outcome results when excessive tensile force relaxes?
• Which outcome occurs when a control valve designed for incompressible fluids experiences cavitation?
• Which risk increases when significant corrosion reduces the cross-sectional area of a steel I-beam within a bridge structure?
• Which data loss risk increases when an adaptive antenna array experiences excessive inter-element coupling in a MIMO communication system?
• Which risk increases with increasing signal frequency in long-distance fiber optic communication?
• Which outcome occurs when a pre-stressed concrete beam experiences chloride-induced corrosion?