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← ScienceWhich outcome occurs when a high voltage is applied to a ceramic composed of randomly oriented ionic crystals?
A)Dielectric breakdown via electron avalanche✓
B)Ferroelectric domain alignment and expansion
C)Increased ionic conductivity from defect migration
D)Giant magnetoresistance from spin polarization
💡 Explanation
When high voltage is applied, imperfections and impurities in the crystals permit electrons to become mobile, impact other atoms and release further electrons, initiating dielectric breakdown via the electron avalanche mechanism. Therefore, dielectric breakdown occurs rather than alignment, conduction, and magnetoresistance each of which require different material properties and conditions.
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