Which outcome occurs when an electrostatic discharge (ESD) strikes an ungrounded microchip capacitor pad?

💡 Explanation

When an ESD strikes, a rapid voltage surge occurs across the capacitor, and the dielectric material can fail if the voltage exceeds its breakdown strength because the electric field exceeds the dielectric strength. Therefore dielectric breakdown results, rather than electromigration, heating, or material corrosion, which require different mechanisms and conditions.

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