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← ScienceWhich outcome occurs when an integrated circuit operates at cryogenic temperatures?
A)Increased quantum tunneling through oxide barriers✓
B)Reduced thermal noise in transistor channels
C)Metal migration rate is accelerated faster
D)Increased electron-phonon scattering rate present
💡 Explanation
Enhanced quantum tunneling occurs because lower thermal energy reduces barrier suppression; therefore, electrons tunnel through insulating oxides more, rather than remaining confined, because the wave properties are more observable at cryogenic levels.
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