Which phenomenon amplifies seismic wave energy emanating upward through unconsolidated sediments?

💡 Explanation

When seismic waves encounter unconsolidated sediments, impedance contrast occurs because the density and velocity change, leading to wave reflections causing constructive interference and resonance. Therefore impedance contrast amplifies seismic energy, rather than liquefaction, interference within the column or refraction which have different seismic effects.

• Which effect causes deflection of prevailing winds due to Earth's rotation?
• Which process causes deep-sea trench formation in ocean-continent subduction zones?
• Which mechanism controls tephra dispersal during explosive eruptions?
• Which outcome occurs when wave refraction concentrates energy?
• Which effect influences deep ocean currents due to density differences from brine rejection during sea ice formation?
• Which process most directly shapes V-shaped valley into fjord after glacier retreat in coastal mountains?