Which phenomenon causes deflection of ocean currents away from wind directions, induced by Ekman transport?

💡 Explanation

When wind forces ocean surface currents, the Coriolis effect deflects it. This also causes subsequent deeper layers to deflect resulting in net water transport (Ekman transport) at 90 degrees from wind direction because of Coriolis. The deflected currents modify the ocean surface temperatures rather than drive thermohaline circulation, or tidal resonance.

• Which mechanism amplifies stream meandering on coastlines undergoing isostatic rebound due to melting glaciers?
• Which effect limits phytoplankton blooms despite nutrient-rich upwelling in certain ocean regions?
• Which spatial outcome results when desert vegetation stabilizes parabolic dune arms?
• Which mechanism establishes a meandering stream pattern flowing across a coastal plain with uniform sediment?
• Which mechanism causes land subsidence when groundwater is extracted from aquifers near a fault line?
• Which outcome occurs when wind exceeds saltation threshold?