Which phenomenon enhances coastal upwelling along the western margins of continents due to Ekman transport effect?

💡 Explanation

When wind blows parallel to western coastlines, the Coriolis effect causes Ekman transport because surface water moves 90 degrees from wind direction; this forces surface water offshore, leading to upwelling. Surface divergence off coast, therefore, results, rather than salinity changes, warm eddies, or thermocline changes which would require different forcing factors.

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