Which phenomenon initiates protein misfolding during thermal denaturation of a globular protein within a cellular environment?

💡 Explanation

When temperature rises during thermal denaturation, hydrophobic collapse occurs because increased kinetic energy overcomes the organization of water molecules around nonpolar side chains, leading to aggregation that disrupts the protein's functional tertiary structure. Therefore hydrophobic collapse initiates protein misfolding, rather than electrostatic attractions/hydrogen bonding which would normally stabilize the protein.

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