Which process maximizes the formation of fine-grained sediment deposits within an oxbow lake?

💡 Explanation

When a meander cutoff forms an oxbow lake, the stream gradient significantly decreases within the lake basin because the stream's energy is reduced locally, causing sediment to settle from suspension. Therefore, decreasing stream gradient maximizes fine-grained deposit formation, rather than increasing flooding, erosion, or microbial activity all requiring higher energy or different conditions.

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