Which risk for longleaf pine seedlings increases under high-density planting that suppresses understory fire regimes?

💡 Explanation

When planting density is high and understory fires are suppressed, fungal pathogens proliferate because fire normally clears leaf litter reducing humidity and pathogen reservoirs. Therefore a shift occurs that increases pathogen susceptibility, rather than mycorrhizal disruption, pests, or nutrient competition which arise from distinct ecological pressures.

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