Which risk increased when early foundries cast iron cannon using vertically-split molds?

💡 Explanation

Deformation occurs due to residual stresses after casting because differential cooling during solidification resulted in volume changes locked in during Cooling induces mold wall deformation; after extraction, the iron partially compensates via creep, inducing shape changes, therefore dimensional instability increases after initial shape correction in horizontally split moulds is lost rather than material defects being primary issues.

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