Which risk increases when a gasoline direct injection injector exceeds its maximum duty cycle?

💡 Explanation

When the injector's maximum duty cycle is exceeded, fuel starvation occurs because the injector cannot deliver the required fuel mass per cycle, leading to a lean mixture and increased combustion temperatures that cause detonation. Therefore fuel starvation leads to detonation, rather than other outcomes requiring different mixture biases.

• Within supercritical CO2 power cycles, which risk increases when pump cavitation occurs?
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• Which risk increases when a residential heat pump's defrost cycle malfunctions?
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