Which risk increases when a laser beam heats a photorefractive crystal?

💡 Explanation

Self-focusing instability increases when heating effects introduce a positive refractive index change; thus, the beam collapses, causing filamentation. Thermal lensing causes focusing rather than beam spreading; therefore, the risk of filamentation increases rather than others under heat constraints.

• Which outcome occurs when a submarine's sonar array experiences thermal gradients?
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• Which outcome occurs while injecting dopants into silicon in semiconductor fabrication?
• Which outcome occurs when a catalytic converter operates continuously with excessive hydrocarbons and insufficient oxygen?
• Within a phased array antenna, which consequence results when destructive interference occurs across the propagated wavefront from individual elements?