Which risk increases when applying excessive voltage during aluminum oxide electrolytic cell production?

💡 Explanation

Applying excessive voltage can disrupt orderly deposition by galvanic anodization because increased energy input overwhelms the inherent stabilization from strong electrostatic forces. This causes disruptions in ionic lattice energies, therefore fewer defect-free regions, rather than stronger covalent bonds or hydrogen bonds which depend on electronegativity differences.

• Which outcome results when a catalyst increases a reaction's rate constant?
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• Which unintended outcome occurs when excessive gate voltage increases in a flash memory cell?