Which risk increases when Roman concrete (opus caementicium) is exposed to seawater for extended periods?

💡 Explanation

When exposed to seawater, Roman concrete undergoes deterioration as sulfate ions penetrate the porous cement matrix, causing expansive reactions that disrupt the concrete’s integrity. Therefore, sulfate attack increases, rather than alkali-silica, rebar corrosion or carbonation, which involve different chemical processes or materials.

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