Which risk increases within karst caves when vegetation density above declines?

💡 Explanation

Speleothem growth declines because decreased vegetation reduces soil respiration, lowering CO₂ in percolating water; reduced dissolved CO₂ means less calcite precipitation via the bicarbonate equilibrium rather than structural effects because of limited connection to the surface load or different dissolution.

• Which risk increases when prolonged tephra burial inhibits plant growth?
• Which outcome follows increased rainfall intensity on soils?
• Which outcome occurs when increased rainfall accelerates decomposition weathering?
• Which process hinders cave formation within shale layers?
• Which consequence results when extensive chemical weathering occurs in soils?
• Which consequence results when a barrier island erodes?