Which shift occurs in coastal upwelling patterns along South America's western coast during an El Niño event?

💡 Explanation

During El Niño, trade winds weaken and the thermocline deepens along South America's coast, which leads to reduced upwelling because the nutrient-rich cold water from the deep is now further down preventing it to rise. Therefore upwelling weakening results, rather than strengthening, localization or migration of upwelling zones which presuppose sustained pressure gradients and wind forcing.

• Which outcome occurs when increased freshwater stream discharge enters high-latitude seas?
• Which outcome is amplified when intense rainfall causes removal?
• Which risk increases when an artificial levee is constructed on an active alluvial fan?
• Which risk increases following alluvial terrace abandonment near a waterway?
• Which outcome results when prevailing winds consistently refract toward headlands?
• Which outcome results following increased deposition in river meander?