Which structural outcome maximizes soaring efficiency when a raptor adjusts its alula feathers during flight?

💡 Explanation

When a raptor adjusts its alula, the small feathers create vortexes, using boundary layer energizing, which delays stall by adding energy to the boundary layer allowing higher angles of attack without separation. Therefore delayed stall results, rather than lift increase, surface smoothing or weight decrease which depend on different aerodynamic mechanisms.

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