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Which thermodynamic constraint primarily limits a Carnot heat engine converting source heat?

A)Temperature differential between reservoirs
B)Thermal conductivity of engine materials
C)Engine size and geometrical constraints
D)Presence of irreversible process pathways

💡 Explanation

A Carnot engine's efficiency depends on the temperature differential because greater temperature differences result in a larger theoretical efficiency dictated by Carnot's theorem governing reversible processes; therefore, a limited temperature differential constrains ideal performance, rather than material properties.

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