Why does cellular swelling occur in the kidney's proximal tubule during ischemia?

💡 Explanation

Cellular swelling results from the failure of Na+/K+ ATPase pumps because ATP production decreases during ischemia. Without functional pumps, sodium accumulates inside the cell, increasing intracellular osmolarity. Therefore, water enters the cell via osmosis, rather than being properly regulated by pressure gradients or channel activity.

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